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CME Credit Offered
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Poster Session 4

(1030) Prevalence of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome in Reproductive-aged Women in the United States: NHANES 2011-2020

Friday, January 31, 2025
4:00 PM – 6:00 PM  

    Submitting Author and Presenting Author(s)

  • Eric K. BRONI, MD, MPH (he/him/his)

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow
    University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
    Philadelphia, PA, United States

    • Coauthor(s)

  • EA

    Ebenezer Aryee, MD, MPH

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow
    Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
    Baltimore, Maryland, United States

  • AL

    Amber Lachaud, MD

    Maternal Fetal Medicine Fellow
    University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

  • Jennifer Lewey, MD, MPH (she/her/hers)

    Assistant Professor of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine)
    University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

  • Lisa D. Levine, MD, MSCE (she/her/hers)

    Associate Professor, Chair, Division of MFM.
    University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Objective: The AHA recently defined and staged cardiovascular kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome to highlight the multisystem consequences of poor CKM health, harmonize guidelines and provide opportunities for actionable preventive interventions before overt CVD. In the US, the components that comprise CKM (e.g., obesity, diabetes, hypertension) are potent risk factors for poor maternal and neonatal outcomes with a disproportionate burden among racial/ethnic minorities. However, population-level data on CKM syndrome in reproductive-aged women is scarce and is a critical next step in evaluating the association between CKM stages and overall pregnancy outcomes.

Study Design:

We analyzed 2,347 non-pregnant, reproductive-aged women (≥ 20-49 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) who had data on all CKM risk factors. We incorporated sampling weights into our analyses to account for the complex NHANES survey design. We reported prevalence estimates and standard errors of CKM syndrome stages (defined in Table) in the overall population, by race/ethnicity and across the study period (2011-2020).

Results: The mean age was 34.6 ± 7.7 yrs., with 57% non-Hispanic (NH) White, 19% Hispanic, 13% NH Black, 6% NH Asian, and 4% self-reported other races. Within the study period, 74.7% of participants had CKM syndrome [Stage 1: 37.3%, Stage 2: 35.7%, Stage 3: 0.3% and Stage 4: 1.97%], with notable variations over time. (Table A & Figure A). As noted in Table B/Figure B, NH Black women had the lowest prevalence of stage 0 CKM (13.2%) and the highest prevalence of stages ≥ 2 CKM (45.6%), followed by other races (40.8%) and Hispanic women (39.4%). Asian women had the lowest prevalence of stages ≥ 2 CKM (27.8%).

Conclusion:

More than three-quarters of reproductive-aged women in the U.S. have at least stage 1 CKM with notable racial/ethnic disparities. Focusing health efforts on the prevention of these modifiable risk factors can undoubtedly improve health outcomes within this population. Studies evaluating the implications of these findings for overall pregnancy outcomes are urgently warranted.