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CME Credit Offered
CME Credit Offered
Abstract Award
Abstract Award
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Poster Session 1

(107) Pregnancy outcomes in patients with type-2 diabetes treated with Semaglutide: A multi-center observational cohort study

Thursday, January 30, 2025
10:30 AM – 12:30 PM  

    Presenting Author(s)

  • Emily N. Adams, MD (she/her/hers)

    Resident Physician
    Johns Hopkins University
    Baltimore, Maryland, United States

    • Coauthor(s)

  • ES

    Ernie Shippie, MA

    Vizient Center for Advanced Analytics, Chicago, Illinois
    Vizient Center for Advanced Analytics, Chicago, Illinois, United States

    • Submitting Author(s)

  • Ahizechukwu C. Eke, MD, MPH, PhD

    Associate Professor of Gynecology & Obstetrics
    Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
    Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Objective: Patients with type-2 diabetes face higher risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preeclampsia, preterm birth, and neonatal complications. Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, is effective for managing hyperglycemia in type-2 diabetics, but its safety and efficacy during pregnancy are underexplored. This study evaluates pregnancy outcomes in patients with type-2 diabetes treated with Semaglutide compared to controls.

Study Design: This multi-center observational cohort study used data from 192 hospitals in 38 US states, sourced from the Vizient Clinical Database. We included pregnant individuals with type-2 diabetes who delivered between January 2021 and April 2024. The primary outcome was preterm birth, with secondary outcomes including hypertensive disorders, intrahepatic cholestasis, and neonatal outcomes. We performed standard tests and multivariable logistic regression to adjust for confounders, yielding adjusted odds ratios (aOR) as the measure of treatment effect.

Results: The cohort included 4,606,975 pregnancies, with 8,060 patients (0.2%) exposed to Semaglutide and 4,598,915 controls. At study entry, the mean maternal age was 29.5 years (IQR 25.9-34.3) for the Semaglutide group and 30.3 years (IQR 24.8-33.9) for controls – Table 1. Most patients (63.4%) identified as Black. Patients exposed to Semaglutide were 26% less likely to deliver preterm (aOR 0.74, 95% CI 0.67-0.81; P< .001). Conversely, patients exposed to Semaglutide were more likely to develop preeclampsia (aOR 1.16, 95% CI 1.11-1.23; P< .001), HELLP syndrome (aOR 1.88, 95% CI 1.38-2.56; P< .001) and eclampsia (aOR 2.74, 95% CI 2.17-3.47; P< .001) compared to those unexposed to Semaglutide during pregnancy – Table 2.

Conclusion:

In pregnant patients with type-2 diabetes, exposure to Semaglutide was associated with reduced risk of preterm birth but increased risks of preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, and eclampsia. This underscores the need for prospective validation and careful monitoring of patients exposed to Semaglutide in pregnancy.