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CME Credit Offered
CME Credit Offered
Abstract Award
Abstract Award
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Poster Session 3

(708) Neonatal Outcomes in Maternal Heart Disease: A Multidisciplinary Approach toward Congenital and Acquired Conditions

Friday, January 31, 2025
10:30 AM – 12:30 PM  
Objective: Maternal heart disease remains one of the leading causes of preventable pregnancy-related deaths in the US. Limited data compares specific maternal and neonatal outcomes among this high-risk population. Therefore, we sought to investigate how multidisciplinary clinical care affects neonatal outcomes.

Study Design: This was a cohort study of pregnancies (n = 466) affected by maternal cardiac diseases that received multidisciplinary care (MFM/Cardiology/OB/Anesthesia/Cardiac Surgery/Genetics) in a single tertiary center between 2012 and 2024. The study groups consisted of pregnancies with maternal acquired heart disease (AHD) (n = 242), maternal congenital disease (CHD) (n = 224), and pregnancies without any cardiac disease (n =183). Neonatal outcomes—birth weight, gestational age, Apgar scores, and NICU admissions—across these groups were compared by Pearson Chi-Square, Fisher Exact, and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum tests. A p</span>airwise comparison was conducted for significant differences. The significance level was set at alpha=0.05.

Results: This study showed increased adverse neonatal outcomes in the heart disease cohort, especially within the maternal CHD group compared to the group without heart disease. Infants born to people with CHD or AHD had lower birth weights, shorter gestational ages, lower Apgar scores, and higher rates of NICU admissions compared to those without heart disease (Table 1) (p value < 0.01 for all comparisons). The proportion of small for gestational age infants born to people with CHD was significantly higher than those born to people with AHD (p = 0.007). All other outcomes were similar in the CHD and AHD cohorts.

Conclusion: Maternal heart diseases are associated with an increased risk of adverse neonatal outcomes, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach in prenatal care and tailored strategies for CHD and AHD. In this study, infants born to people with CHDs had an increased risk for small for gestational age as compared to AHD, thus further studies are necessary to better understand this biological difference.